老爷庙火成岩发育区低信噪比资料处理关键技术探讨

doi:10.6038/pg2018BB0142

地球物理学进展 ›› 2018, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 1043-1050.doi: 10.6038/pg2018BB0142

• 应用地球物理学Ⅰ（油气及金属矿产地球物理勘探） • 上一篇下一篇

老爷庙火成岩发育区低信噪比资料处理关键技术探讨

郭爱华¹,叶月明²,臧梅³,李立胜²,李玉存¹,吴吉忠¹

^1. 中国石油冀东油田勘探开发研究院,河北唐山 063004
^2. 中国石油杭州地质研究院,杭州 310023
^3. 大庆钻探工程公司,黑龙江大庆 163357

收稿日期:2017-07-29 修回日期:2018-03-26 出版日期:2018-06-20 发布日期:2018-08-23
作者简介:第一作者简介郭爱华,女,1981年生,湖北武汉人,工学硕士,主要从事叠前深度偏移以及速度分析与建模等方面的研究.(E-mail: guoaihua2007@petrochina.com.cn)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金“海洋一次波与多次波联合最小二乘逆时偏移方法研究”.(41504105)

Discuss about processing strategies of low signal to noise ratio seismic data in Laoyemiao area with strong igneous rock

GUO Ai-hua¹,YE Yue-ming²,ZANG Mei³,LI Li-sheng²,LI Yu-cun¹,WU Ji-zhong¹

^1. Petrochina JiDong Oilfiled Exploration and Development research Institute, Hebei Tangshan 063004, China
^2. Petrochina Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology, Hangzhou 310023, China
^3. Daqing drilling engineering company, Heilongjiang Daqing 163357, China

Received:2017-07-29 Revised:2018-03-26 Online:2018-06-20 Published:2018-08-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

老爷庙地区位于渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷的西北部,是冀东油田的重要油气分布区,高质量的地震资料是该区油气勘探的重要依据.但是,由于受到中浅层的复杂断裂、中深层发育的三套火成岩和强横向非均质性的影响,采集的地震资料信噪比低,多次波发育.为了提高探区资料的成像品质,采用了针对性的处理策略,本文详细的分析了每种策略的基本原理并展示了应用效果,首先通过近地表Q补偿技术改善由于地表吸收造成的振幅、频率损失及相位畸变;其次,基于稳健地表一致性反褶积技术较好地解决了低信噪比资料的高分辨率处理问题,避免传统反褶积方法引起的噪声能量加强;再次,应用可适应非规则观测系统的广义多次波衰减技术(GSMP)压制了部分强火成岩引起的多次波.针对性处理对策克服了常规处理的不足,提高了该地区地震资料的成像品质,获得较高分辨率和信噪比的成果数据,为老爷庙地区油气勘探奠定了良好的基础.

关键词: 低信噪比, 近地表Q补偿, 稳健反褶积, 广义多次波衰减

Abstract:

Laoyemiao located in Bohai gulf northwest of Nanbao depression which is an important oil and gas distribution zone of Jidong oilfield. High quality seismic data is the basis for oil exploration, but, because of the complex faults in middle and shallow layers, three sets of igneous rocks developed in middle and deep layers, strong lateral heterogeneity, acquired seismic data has low signal to noise ratio and strong multiples. In order to improve the image quality of data with low signal to noise ratio, specific strategies was used. In this paper, basic theory of each strategy was illustrated and real data processing result was shown. First, near surface Q compensation was used to compensate the amplitude and frequency loss caused by near surface absorption; second, high resolution procession of low signal to noise ratio data was overcome by surface consistent robust deconvolution, avoiding the noise energy enhancement caused by the traditional deconvolution method; third, general surface related multiple prediction method which can adopt irregular acquisition system was used to suppress multiples caused by three sets of igneous rocks. The disadvantage of traditional processing was overcome by proposed specific strategies and seismic image quality was improved. So, we obtained higher resolution and signal to noise ratio result which is a basis for oil and gas exploration in Laoyemiao area.

Key words: low signal to noise ratio, near surface Q compensation, robust deconvolution, GSMP

中图分类号:

P631

郭爱华, 叶月明, 臧梅, 李立胜, 李玉存, 吴吉忠. 2018. 老爷庙火成岩发育区低信噪比资料处理关键技术探讨. 地球物理学进展, 33(3): 1043-1050. doi: 10.6038/pg2018BB0142.

Ai-hua GUO, Yue-ming YE, Mei ZANG, Li-sheng LI, Yu-cun LI, Ji-zhong WU. 2018. Discuss about processing strategies of low signal to noise ratio seismic data in Laoyemiao area with strong igneous rock. Progress in Geophysics. 33(3): 1043-1050. doi: 10.6038/pg2018BB0142.

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老爷庙火成岩发育区低信噪比资料处理关键技术探讨

Discuss about processing strategies of low signal to noise ratio seismic data in Laoyemiao area with strong igneous rock

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