摘要:
岩溶对工程建设选址和工程灾害预防具有重大影响.但因场地地质条件和地球物理场复杂多变,使岩溶形成发育具有较大随机性和隐蔽性,为了快速、精准定位岩溶空间位置及展布,研究岩溶发育地质机理具有重大意义.基于此,本文以乌东德K25岩溶为例,研究了岩溶形成发育地质机理及综合勘察方法,发现岩溶的形成发育受地质构造、构造运动、可溶岩和地形地貌等内因控制,并受到地下水活动、溶岩出露面积、地表水入渗面积、补给条件和溶蚀时间等外因影响;其中,作为内因的控水地质构造对岩溶的形成特征及空间分布的影响较大;综合多种勘察手段联合探测,克服了单一物探方法多解性并消除假异常,提高了探测范围和精度.结果表明K25岩溶沿可溶岩和非可溶岩地层分界面发育,向可溶岩内部延展,地下水沿分界面不断溶蚀,呈现多种因素影响的规律.本文综合勘察方法可快速圈定易溶蚀区域,探测深度和水平范围更广,耦合的地质-物探联合解译的方法提高了勘察精度和准确性.同时本方法可为其他水利水电工程提供借鉴.
关键词:
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岩溶
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发育
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地质机理
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地质物探
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精准勘察
Abstract:
Karst has great influence on site selection and disaster prevention of engineering construction. However, karst formation and development have great randomness and concealment due to the complex and changeable geological conditions and geophysical field. In order to quickly and accurately locate the spatial location and distribution of karst, it is of great significance to study the geological mechanism of karst development. Based on K25 karst, this paper studied the mechanism of karst geological formation development and integrated survey methods, found that karst is controlled by internal and external causes. Among them, the water-controlling geological structure, as an internal cause, has a great influence on the formation characteristics and spatial distribution of karst. Combined exploration with multiple means overcomes the multiple solutions of single geophysical exploration method and eliminates false anomalies, thus improving the detection range and precision. The results show that K25 karst develops along the interface between soluble rock and non-soluble rock, extends to the interior of the soluble rock, and the groundwater constantly dissolves along the interface, showing the rule of multiple factors. In this paper, the comprehensive survey method can be used to quickly delineate the corrosion prone areas, and the detection depth and horizontal range are wider. Coupled geological-geophysical joint interpretation method improves the survey accuracy and accuracy. At the same time, this method can provide reference for other water conservancy and hydropower projects.
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